"Nothing is faster than light," that is the absolute physical rule to which all the rules of modern physics bend, and it represents the essence of Einstein's "special relativism" theory, the faster an object is, the freezing time for it from the perspective of this body until it reaches stillness and total cessation.
End of causation
If particles emit at a higher speed than light - such as "tachyon" - they will face dilemmas related to the reversal of time, and the concepts of causation will be turned upside down.
Causation is the fundamental principle in physics, and if these particles are able to transmit information at a speed greater than the speed of light, according to the theory of special relativity, the toxins will break the causation relationship.
To simplify, if there are two events, one representing signal transmission from somewhere, and the other representing receipt of those signals in a different place, as long as the signal moves at the speed of light and less, time mathematics confirm that all reference moments agree that the transmission event occurred before reception.
Assuming a signal travels at a speed of light, the causation relationship will be reflected, and the result will occur before the cause! There will be moments when the signal was received before it was sent, so these signals travel to the past because one of the basic hypotheses of the special theory of relativity is that "the laws of physics must function in the same way every moment, and if the signals can travel to the past at some point, it must be possible at all moments".
If the observer (a) sends a signal to the observer (b), and that signal travels at an overview speed, it will reach the observer (b) at a moment earlier in time, and when the observer (b) sends another signal as a "response", it will also move at an overview speed to the observer (a) at a moment earlier in time as well. In short, the observer (a) will receive the reply before the original signal is sent.
New physical theories
But researchers from the University of Warsaw in Poland and the National University of Singapore decided to open new frontiers in theory of relativity to reach rules that are not inconsistent with current physics, but also pave the way for new physical theories, and published their research study in Classical and Quantum Gravity on December 30.
According to the study's press release, published on the Phys.org- site, the researchers presented a perception that propels the theory of special relativity to new perspectives based on the 3 of time dimensions and one space dimension (3 + 1 time), unlike that of relativity based on the 3 dimensions of the place and one dimension of time.
In order not to cause stark logical contradictions, the new study provided further evidence that reinforces the perception that objects may exceed the speed of light without breaking existing physics laws.
This new study draws on previous studies of some of the participating researchers, which assume that the concept of exceeding the speed of light may contribute to bridging the compatibility between quantum mechanics and Einstein's special theory of relativity, two branches of physics that do not have a uniform comprehensive theory that reconciles them and describes gravity as other cosmic forces.
According to the framework presented by the new study, particles will not be photographed or described as dot-like elements as in the current common three-dimensional perceptions of the universe (plus time). Instead, to understand what the observer may see and the behaviors of faster particles than light, the study uses the kinds of field or quantum field theories that underlie quantum physics.
Under the new model, the observer will look faster than light, such as particles that expand and extend like a bubble in space and are not different from waves passing through a given field. On the other hand, this faster body of light will see many different pathways or timelines.
At the same time, however, the speed of light in the vacuum will remain constant even for observers who will outperform the speed of light, maintaining one of Einstein's core principles, a principle conceived from the perspective of observers moving at speeds below the speed of light (as we all are).
Physicist Andrzej Dragan, one of the researchers involved in the study, says, "Our new definition maintains Einstein's assumption of steady speed of light in the vacuum even for observers passing the speed of light, which makes our perception of expanding the limits of private theory not an exaggerated surface."
New Questions
Although the shift to a single dimension model of place and three dimensions of time answers some questions - as the researchers acknowledge - it in turn blows up some new questions, emphasizing the need to expand the special theory of relativity to integrate faster reference frames (observers) than light.
This may involve using some concepts of quantum field theory, a combination of concepts of special relativity, quantum mechanics, and classical field theory (which aims to predict the interaction of physical fields with each other).
If the study researchers are correct, the particles of the universe will all have superior characteristics in the new concept of extending the theory of relativity proposed by the study. One of the questions raised by the research is how much we can observe this new behavior of particles, but the answer to this will require researchers a lot of time.
The study did not resolve the question of the actual presence of tachyon particles, hypothetical particles that always move at a speed greater than light. At present, most scientists believe that the fastest particles of light cannot exist in nature, because this is incompatible with the laws of physics, if any it may be used to build a tactical jammer, send signals faster than light, and it will lead to a breach of nature, according to the theory of special relativity.
In contrast, some theories that are consistent with the inherent energy of trans plastic particles do not see in these particles what breaches nature, as opposed to the "Lorenz constant" theory similar to that of special relativity, so the speed of light is not necessarily an obstacle to the existence of these particles. Despite theoretical arguments against the presence of ultraviolet particles, scientific experiments have not yet been conducted to ascertain the existence of the toxins, nor is there any conclusive evidence of their existence.